1,2-二氯乙烷致小鼠血淋巴细胞遗传毒性研究

Study on the Genotoxicity of 1,2-Dichloroethane in Blood Cell of Mice

目的研究1,2-二氯乙烷(1,2-DCE)对小鼠血淋巴细胞DNA和骨髓细胞染色体的损伤作用,探讨1,2-二氯乙烷的遗传毒性。方法采用单细胞凝胶电泳和微核试验方法,分别检测1,2-DCE不同染毒剂量(50,100,200,400 mg/kg)小鼠外周血淋巴细胞DNA和骨髓细胞染色体损伤情况。结果除50 mg/kg剂量组外,小鼠血淋巴细胞的彗星细胞率及尾长、骨髓细胞微核率随1,2-DCE染毒剂量的增加而增加(P<0.01)。其中,400 mg/kg剂量组彗星细胞率、平均尾长、微核率分别为45.5%,(37.24±3.17)μm,12.0‰,显著高于阴性对照组和50 mg/kg剂量组(P<0.01)。染毒剂量与彗星细胞率、平均尾长、微核率之间存在着剂量-反应关系(R彗星率=0.980 2,R彗尾长=0.976 6,R微核率=0.975 1,P<0.01)。结论1,2-DCE可导致小鼠血淋巴细胞DNA损伤和骨髓细胞染色体异常。表明1,2-DCE具有细胞遗传毒性。

Objective To explore the genotoxicity of 1,2-dichloroethane and to study the effect on damages of DNA in peripheral and chromosome in marrow cell of mice. Methods Damages of DNA and chromosome induced by 1,2-dichloroethane at different dosages（50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg）were detected using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis（SCGE）of mice peripheral blood cell and micronucleus assay of mice hone marrow cell. Results Except for 50 mg/kg group, the number of comet cells and the length of DNA migration in peripheral blood cell, the mice bone marrow micronucleus frequency increased significantly as the exposure dose increased（P〈0.01）. Among the rest groups, the ratio of comet cells, the length of DNA migration in peripheral blood cell and the ratio of micronucleus in mice bone marrow in 400 mg/kg group were 45.5%, （37. 24±3.17）μm and 12.0‰ respectively and were significantly higher than that of the negative control and 50 mg/kg group（P〈0.01）. Between the exposure doses and the percentage of damages of DNA in peripheral blood cell and chromosome in marrow, there was a dose-response relationship （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions 1,2-dichloroethane could induce damages of DNA in peripheral blood cell and chromosome in marrow cell of mice. The results suggest that 1,2-dichloroethane shows significant genotoxicity.