百岁老人的认知能力和主观幸福感及其影响因素调查

Characteristics and determinants of cognitive function and subjective well-being of centenarians in Xiaoshan district

目的了解萧山区百岁老人认知能力和生活满意度的现状及其影响因素。方法运用自编问卷[包括一般人口统计学资料和主观幸福感（SWB）]、简易智能状态测查（MMSE）及日常生活能力量表（ADL）对全区55位百岁老人进行人户调查，应用相关分析、t检验和线性回归分析等统计方法对数据进行统计。结果（1）百岁老人的主观幸福感普遍较高，认知功能中保持最好的是物体命名能力，注意力和计算力较差；（2）认知能力与日常生活能力得分存在显著负相关，而与性别、生活方式、宗教信仰等无明显关系；（3）主观幸福感与认知能力、性别、生活方式、宗教信仰等无明显联系，但与日常生活能力得分有明显负相关，与年龄、家庭关系有明显正相关；（4）家庭关系和日常生活能力是影响主观幸福感的重要因素。家庭关系融洽对主观幸福感的形成发挥积极作用，而日常生活能力下降对主观幸福感的形成起消极作用。结论百岁老人认知能力中物体命名能力保持很好，注意力和计算力较差，总的认知能力与日常生活能力存在密切关系。老人的幸福感相对较高，家庭关系和日常生活能力对幸福感的形成起直接影响。

Objective To study the cognitive function and subjective well-being of centenarians in Xiaoshan district. Methods 55 centenarians in Xiaoshan district were investigated by visiting them. A self-devised questionnaire（ including general demographic information and SWB）, MMSE and ADL were used. Statistical methods such as correlation analysis, trest and multiple linear regression analysis er al were used to deal with datum. Results （ 1 ） Most of the centenarians felt well. The ability of naming object remained well.The ability of attention and computing showed worse. （2）Cognitive function showed a negative relationship with ADL, While no significant association with sex, life styles and religion et al. （3）There was no significant correlation among SWB and cognitive function, sex, life style,religion et al. But there was a close correlation among SWB and ADL, age,family relation. （4）Family relation and ADL were the important affected factors of SWB. Family harmony exerted positive effect on SWB, while ADL exerted negative effect on SWB. Conelusions Among the cognitive function, the ability of naming object keeps well, while the ability of attention and computing shows worse. The centenarians are satisfied with their life. Family relation and ADL significantly contribute to the SWB.