广西地区打鼾及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的流行病学调查

Study on the prevalence of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in Guangxi, China

目的了解广西地区人群打鼾及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的流行病学现状及高危因素。方法2003年1月至2005年3月对桂南、桂中、桂北14岁以上11163人进行打鼾及OSAHS的流行病学调查。采用集中填写问卷辅以人户问卷调查的方法收集资料。在问卷调查的基础上给打鼾者进行睡眠初筛检测和多导睡眠图检测。结果调查人群中有2940人打鼾，打鼾发生率为27．3％。符合OSAHS448人，发病率4．3％。其中男性320人，发病率5．9％，女性128人，发病率2．5％。14～60岁时打鼾及OSAHS发病率随年龄增大而升高，60岁以后随年龄增大而发病率降低。习惯性打鼾者中OSAHS260人，发病率21．6％，非习惯性打鼾者中OSAHS188人，发病率108％。单因素及多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示，OSAHS发生的相关危险因素为鼻病变、年龄、饮酒、吸烟、睡眠体位、体重指数、性别。结论广西地区14岁以上人群打鼾发生率为27．3％。OSAHS发生率4．3％。打鼾及OSAHS发生率均为60岁以前随年龄增大而升高，而60岁以后随年龄增大而降低。男性明显高于女性。

Objective To study the prevalence of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS） and its high risk factors in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods From January 2003 to March 2005,a total number of 11 163 persons aged ≥14 years Zhuang minority living in Guangxi （from Guinan, Gulzhong and Guibei） were surveyed. Questionnaire was administered to draw information. Polysomnography（PSG） and in-home polygraphy were performed on participants being studied and who had reported snoring. Results Among all the surveyed people, 2940 reported snoring with a prevalence of 27.3 %. 448 （320 males and 128 females） people reported OSAHS with prevalence as 4.3 % （5.9 % in males and 2.5% in females）. From 14 to 60 year olds, the prevalence of snoring and OSAHS increased with age. Among those above 60 years of age, both the prevalence rates of snoring and OSAHS were reduced with age. Among all the study population, 260（21.6% ） had habitual OSAHS and 188（10.8% ） had oeeasional OSAHS. The high risk factors of OSAHS were： position during sleep, disease of nose, drinking alcohol, smoking, gender, body mass index（BMI） and age. Conclusion The prevalence rates of snoring and OSAHS were 27.3 % and 4.3 % respectively. From 14 to 60 years of age, the prevalence rates of snoring and OSAHS were increasing with age while from 60 years of age on, the prevalence of snoring and OSAHS reduced with age. The prevalence rates of snoring and OSAHS in males were higher than females. The high risk factors of OSAHS were position during sleep,disease of nose,drinking,smoking,gender,BMi and age.