复杂气藏勘探开发技术难题及对策思考

TECHNICAL DIFFICULTIES AND COUNTERMEASURES IN COMPLEX GAS RESERVOIRS' EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT

我国的石油工业在近五年内得到了飞速发展,但天然气工业起步较晚。在“十五”期间,“西气东输”工程的完成,这极大地推进了我国天然气工业的发展,激发了天然气工业上、中、下游大发展的热情。但从我国天然气资源分布的地域和地质条件分析,要加快发展天然气勘探开发工程还存在许多技术难题,特别是超深层天然气藏钻探、特致密气藏开发、高含硫化氢和二氧化碳气藏等特殊类型气藏均存在着某些世界级难题。针对天然气勘探开发生产中各类复杂气藏安全高效勘探开发问题,从地震勘探技术、钻井技术、储层研究、增产技术、井筒技术、地面工程技术等方面系统地分析了存在的问题,提出了今后科技攻关的思路,这就是推广成熟技术、引进先进技术、攻关瓶颈技术、创新特效技术,並有针对性地提出了重点攻关方向和关键技术,为全面提高我国复杂天然气藏勘探开发水平,大力促进我国天然气开发生产提出了系统的技术路线。

West-East Gas Pipeline completed during the tenth 'Five-Year Period' provoked the growth of Chinese gas industry significantly and stimulated the enthusiasm of development of upstream, middle stream and downstream of natural gas industry. Based on the analysis of gas resources distribution and geological conditions, many technical difficulties still hold back the rapid growth of gas exploration and development engineering, in particular, those difficulties unsettled even in the world exist in developing special types of gas reservoirs including ultra deep reservoir tight gas reservoir and H2S or CO2 rich gas reservoirs. This paper presents systematic analysis of existing problems from angle of seismic prospecting, drilling, reservoir study, stimulation technology, wellbore technology and surface engineering technology and proposes key aspects of future scientific and technical research, which is promoting use of mature technology, introducing advance technology, endeavoring to make breakthrough of technical bottleneck and innovating special technology. The paper also suggests key research objects and technologies and sets the technical route for overall improvement of China's complex gas reservoir exploration and development and, and for promotion of China's natural gas production.