论教学的二重性

On the duality of teaching

教学二重性指教学过程中的预设性和生成性。预设性教学是预成性思维影响下的教学形态,关注教学性目标、教师的教学设计、学生的学习结果以及教学的秩序等,具有明显的科学主义取向。生成性教学是在生成性思维影响下的教学形态,关注表现性目标、教学过程、师生互动等,具有明显的人文主义取向。教学活动作为一种科学与人文相结合的活动,具有科学的预设性与人文的生成性的双重属性。教学的二重属性不是非此即彼的对立关系,而是共存、互补关系。教学研究应加强对教学生成性的研究以弥补过去研究之不足。

Duality of teaching means pre-design and generative in the process of teaching. Pre-design teaching is a teaching form influenced by pre-design thought with emphasizing on teaching aim, teaching design by teacher, learning achievement of student, order of teaching, and so on. Pre-design teaching shows more obvious tendency of scientism in the level of theory and practice. Generative teaching is a teaching form influenced by generative thought with emphasizing display aim and focusing on teaching process, teaching affairs, interactive method in teaching between teacher and student, and so on. Generative teaching shows more obvious tendency of humanism in the level of theory and practice. Since teaching is an activity of science and humanity, there is dual nature in teaching, they are scientific pre-design and humane generative. And the relationship between the duality of teaching is coexistence and complementary, not opposite. Teaching researchers should strengthen the study on generative teaching in order to make up the shortage of this study in the past.