试论林肯政府反干涉外交的成败

On the gain and loss of Lincoln government's anti-interference foreign policy

南北战争中,林肯政府反对外来干涉、维护国家主权的坚强决心和顽强意志,应对英、法等国干涉的灵活而不失原则的外交举措,联合国际上的同情者、同盟者的综合外交策略值得肯定;在“特伦特号事件”上先捕后放的轻率行为造成外交上的被动局面,对南方军事封锁造成的法律问题引发了一系列外交纠纷,《解放宣言》的延后发布不利于争取国际社会舆论等则是应当力所避免的。

During the Civil War,the strong determination and the indomitable will of the Lincoln government in fighting against foreign interference and safeguarding state sovereignty, its flexible and principle-sticking foreign policies in dealing with the interference of England and France and its comprehensive diplomatic tactics in allying itself with international sympathizers and members of the alliance are worth affirming. But the passive situation in foreign affairs resulted from the indiscreet behavior of releasing after arresting in Trent Affair, a series of diplomatic disputes triggered by the legal issues caused by enforcing military blockade to the South and the delay of The Declaration of Emancipation＇ s being unfavoureable to winning world opinions should be avoided.