综述和讨论:关于小民族的生存及前景

Summarization and Discussion on the survival of Ethnic Minorities and Their Future Prospect

作为人类社会、人类文化重要组成部分的小民族的生存及未来前景问题，他们因传统文化特点、因外部社会因素而引发的带有小民族特有特点的现实生存难题，早已引起人类学以及相关学科的高度重视，我国近些年对国内小民族的研究也渐成气象。那么，国内就小民族生存、发展问题的关注和实证研究状况如何？近数十年来，整个学界围绕小民族生存和未来前景以及影响因素的探讨，主要关注了哪些层面？提出了哪些主要观点？从问题意识出发，并结合自己有限的田野工作经验，本文尝试进行初步的综述和讨论。

As members of human society and an important part of human culture, the issues relating to the survival of ethnic minorities and their future prospect have long been highly stressed by the anthropologists and related intellectual circles, owing to the fact that the ethnic minorities posses their own traditional cultural characteristics and unique feature of smaller ethnic minorities which were caused by outer social factors. In China, the study of ethnic minorities is making a trend in recent years. What is then the real state of the concern and substantial study about the survival of Chinese ethnic minorities and their developmental problems？ During recent decades, the discussions made around the survival, future prospect and influential factors of ethnic minorities within the whole academic circles, on which dimensions did they mainly concern？ What were the main points they raised in their discussions？ Starting from the sense of understanding of these problems, and utilizing my own limited working experience from field investigation, I try to make a preliminary summarization and discussion on this topic.