四川汉族、苗族人群D3S3045和D4S3354基因座的遗传多态性

Genetic polymorphism of D3S3045 and D4S3354 in Han and Miao nationalities of Sichuan province

目的：研究短串联重复序列D3S3045和D4S3354基因座在四川汉族、苗族人群中的群体遗传学数据。方法：采用PCR-STR、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、银染显色结合核酸序列分析检测两基因座在汉族和苗族人群中的遗传多态性。结果：两个基因座均观测到8个等位基因，频率为0．004-0．314，两个群体中仅D4S3354基因座有显著性差异。两基因座分别观测到33和35种基因型，两个基因座在两个群体中的观测杂合度为0．758-0．834，个人识别率为0．923～0．943，非父排除率为0．523-0．665，多态信息量为0．77～0．82，基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。结论：两基因座在四川汉族和苗族人群中具有高度遗传多态性，在群体遗传学研究及法医学个人识别应用中有很好的价值。

Objective： To study the short tandem repeats （STR） polymorphism of D3S3045 and D4S3354 loci in the Han and Miao nationalities of Sichuan Province. Methods： The genetic polymorphism of two loci in the Han and Miao nationalities were studied with PCR followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Results： Eight alleles were observed at D3S3045 and D4S.3354 loci （allelic frequencies, 0. 004-0. 314）. The difference of allelic frequency distributions between two populations were significant at D4S.3354 locus. 33 genotypes and 35 genotypes were observed at D3S.3045 locus and D4S.3354 locus respectively. The observed heterozygosity （H） and the discrimination power （DP） were 0. 758-0. 834 and 0. 923-0. 943 respectively; and the power of exclusion （PE） and the polymorphism information content （PIC） were 0. 523-0. 665 and 0.77-0. 82 respectively. The genotype distributions of D3S3045 and D4S.3354 loci in the Han and Miao nationalities were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusion： The two loci have the high genetic diversity in Sichuan Han and Miao nationalities, which is reliable and valuable for population genetic study and individual identification.