垃圾填埋场中垃圾降解与稳定化模拟试验

Refuse Degradation and Stabilizing Process in Municipal Refuse Test Lysimeters

在２４只聚乙烯塑料桶中，分别装填了人工配制和上海市燃气居民生活区的生活垃圾，研究了垃圾恒压表面沉降速度及添加物氮、磷、钾及铬、铜、钨、钼、铁（均为钠盐或钾盐）和醋酸的加入对该速度的影响．根据沉降速度与时间的函数关系，推算了填埋场稳定化时间．实验结果表明，氮、磷和钾的加入促进了垃圾降解，从而缩短了稳定化时间．

Twenty-four test lysimeters containing 20-30kg prepared and residential refuse each were monitored for the settlement of refuse surface under a constant pressure of 0.05MPa and for leachate generation rate as well as the evaluation of stabilizing time of refuse landfill in Shanghai. Different chemicals such as KH2PO4, (NH4)2CO3, KCl, CuSO4, Na2MoO4, Na2WO4, FeCl3, K2Cr2O7, acetic acid and sludge, were added to the lysimeters respectively and the settlement rate of refuse surface and generation rate of leachate were determined. It was found that the addition of N, P and K was favorable to the degradation of refuse,increasing the settlement rate of refuse surface and accelerating stabilization of landfill, while the other chemicals have little effect on the degradation of refuse.Based on the relationship between settlement rate and time, the take for landfill stabiuzation was evaluated. The experimental results showed that about 2 years were required for a refuse of 50cm height which was used in the experiments. If N,P and K were added to the refuse, the stabilization take will be shortened considerably.