从“起词”看《马氏文通》的主题结构思想

On Top-Prominent Structure in Mashi wentong——From the perspective of "Qici"

《马氏文通》开辟了我国语法学的新纪元,因此,在其问世的百余年间,对它的研究不断深入。但统观这些研究成果,基本都是从传统的句法、语义角度对其进行分析探讨。本文从新的角度,运用新的理论,对散布在《文通》中的零碎的、不自觉的体现语用思想的内容进行了扒梳整理,发现《文通》中的“起词”蕴含着汉语主题结构思想的萌芽,并用《文通》中的观点和例证一一呈现了这一语用思想,展示出这部“开创性不朽之作”的又一开创之处。

The publication of Mashi wentong （Ma＇s Grurmner） began a new epoch in the history of Chinese gram- mar. In the following 100-odd years, there appear a lot of studies of it, mainly focusing on the analysis of syntax and se- mantics. This paper, however, makes a new try from pragmatic perspective after a careful collection and study of the rel- ative materials in the book, with the discovery that the sc-ealled ＂Qiei＂（the beginning words of a sentence） actually elaborates the characteristic of Chinese language in ＂Top-Prominent Structure＂.