整理国故评价史的回顾与反思

The Retrospect to the Course of the Evaluation for Traditional Culture

整理国故对于现代文学的发展、现代学术的建立与现代精神的建构均有重要价值,但在长达半个世纪的文学史叙述中却受到不应有的冷落甚至贬抑,直到改革开放以来,才渐次得到贴近历史的重新评价。反思整理国故的历史评价,至少有三点教训值得认真汲取:政治决定论、二元对立论、片面方法论。文学史现象的评价应该从历史出发,充分注意历史的复杂性与文学的独特性,在全面掌握第一手资料的基础上立论。

Exploring the traditional culture contributes greatly to the development of modem literature and the establishment of modem academia and modem spirit. Nevertheless, this exploration was neglected and even despised in the analytical evaluation of literature for half a century. Since the operation of the reform and open policy, reconsiderations in accordance with historical truth began to appear gradually. On reflection, there were at least three defects： politico - determinism, contradictoriness and unfair methodology, which should be replaced by evaluation based on history, regard for the compli-cation of history and particularity of literature, and infererence coming, from materials down to the ground.