延胡索酸二钠对瘤胃微生物体外发酵不同饲料成分的影响

Influence of disodium fumarate on in vitro fermentation of ruminal microorganisms with different concentrate feeds and forages

以黑麦草、高羊茅、稻草、花生壳等粗料成分以及玉米、小麦、可溶性淀粉等精料成分为发酵底物研究了延胡索酸二钠对瘤胃微生物体外发酵的影响。结果表明,延胡索酸二钠显著提高了各种底物的发酵产气量(P<0.01),黑麦草粉、高羊茅草粉、稻草粉和花生壳粉的底物消失率分别比对照组提高了26.22%(P<0.05),14.16%(P<0.05),28.54%(P<0.01)和45.09%(P<0.05);延胡索酸二钠显著提高了小麦、玉米和可溶性淀粉的pH值(P<0.05),但对粗料无明显影响(P>0.05);小麦、玉米和可溶性淀粉处理组的乳酸浓度均低于对照组;各种底物的处理组的NH3-N浓度与对照组无明显差异(P>0.05);各种底物中,小麦的总挥发性脂肪酸(total volatile fatty acid)浓度最高,小麦处理组的乙酸浓度、丙酸浓度、丙酸比例均高于对照组(P<0.05);而乙酸丙酸比降低了0.18(P<0.01),延胡索酸二钠提高了所有底物的丙酸浓度及其比例。综合各指标的发酵情况,延胡索酸二钠对各种底物均有一定的效果,是一种潜在的反刍动物饲料添加剂。

Substrates containing ryegrass, festuca, rice straw, peanut straw and corn, wheat, and soluble starch, were used for in vitro fermentation to investigate the effect of disodium fumarate on the fermentation profiles of ruminal micro-organisms. Disodium fumarate treatments produced a greater amount of gas than control for all substrates. The dry matter loss of ryegrass, festuca, rice straw and peanut straw was 26.22%（P〈 0.05）, 14. 16%（P〈0.05）, 28.54%（P〈0.05） and 45.09%（P〈0.05） higher than the control, respectively. With wheat, corn and soluble starch, the treatments had significantly higher pH （P〈0.05）, but with no apparent effect on forages （P〉0.05）. Compared with the controls, lactate concentrations in disodium fumarate treatments decreased, but NH3-N concentrations were not affected. Fermentation with wheat produced the highest level of TVFA concentration, percentage of acetate, propionate, TVFA concentration and propionate in treatments were higher than that of the control, while the ratio of acetate to propionate was lower. With all substrates, propionate concentration and its percentage in total VFA were higher in disodium fumarate treatments than in the controls. The results suggested that disodium fumarate could be beneficial for in vitro fermentation and thus could be a potential ruminant additive.