江苏麦田杂草群落的数量分析

Quantitative analysis of weed communities in wheat fields in Jiangsu

用七级目测法调查江苏150个样点麦田草害情况,应用主成分分析对江苏省麦田杂草群落进行了研究。结果表明,决定江苏麦田杂草发生、分布和危害的主要因素是地带性气候+土壤性质因素。将150个样点划分为5个聚类群,即江南稻茬麦田、宁镇扬丘陵旱茬麦田、沿海旱茬麦田、徐淮旱茬麦田和沿江及苏北稻茬麦田聚类群,根据综合草害指数和发生频率明确了各聚类群相应的优势杂草,并就该地区麦田杂草发生的特点提出了治理的建议。

The outputs of principal component analysis （PCA） were ecologically interpreted after the comprehensive weed infestation indices of all weed populations from 150 sampling sites of wheat fields in Jiangsu Province were assessed by visual scoring of the level of weed infestation of wheat on a seven point scale. The main factors determined the weed communities and infestations in the wheat fields of this region were geographic climate and property of soil. PCA showed that the 150 sampling sites could be divided into five groups, wheat fields rotated with rice South of the Changjiang River （group A）, wheat rotated with dry crops in the Ning- Zhen-Yang hill region （group B）, wheat rotated with dry crops in the coastal region （group C） ; wheat rotated with dry crops in the Xu-Huai region （group D）, and wheat rotated with rice in the riverside region of Changjiang and North of Jiangsu Province （group E）. The dominant weeds of each group were determined by CⅡ （comprehensive infestation index） values and frequency, and a weed management strategy is suggested based on the weed distribution pattern of each group.