现时的“英雄化”与自我批判——解读福科的“批判本体论”

Heroizing the Present and Self-Criticizing——On Foucault's the Critical Ontology of Ourselves

福科在《什么是启蒙?》中提出的批判本体论是概括了福科一生学术追求的重要哲学主张。批判本体论追求现时的差异性和现时的英雄化。现时的差异性来自对康德哲学的解读,现时的英雄化是对波特莱尔的现代性理念的发挥。批判本体论在后现代主义的立场上继承和发展康德哲学的批判传统,在肯定社会批判现实批判的同时强调对作为主体的我们自身的批判,企求从偶然性的历史建构中寻找当代生存的新的可能性。

The critical ontology of ourselves elucidated in What Is Enlightenment is an important idea of Foucanlt＇s philosophy. It advocates the will to heroize the present, one of view of Baudelaire with regard of the modernity; and the self - criticizing, one idea that is drawn from the developing Kant＇s critical philosophy. The aim of the critical ontology is to discover the historical contingent on which we were constructed and to find new possibilities of contemporary existence.