悖逆的符号:胡适、鲁迅与中国现代诗及小说之发生——中国现代文学发生史研究之二

About the Rebellious Symbol:Hu Shi,Lu Xun and the Occurrence of Chinese Modern Poem and Novel——the Second Aspect of Chinese Modern Literature Occurrence History Research

文学符号是能动的文化符号。现代诗以胡适为起点,在文化“工具革命”的意义上通过否定传统诗的格律化,还原诗的自由表达功能,实现了“要须作诗如说话”的文化解构理想(文化上的“雅”、“俗”易位)。现代小说以鲁迅及其《狂人日记》为起点,在文学语言功能的建构上并非以采用白话为目的,而是以适于自我表达的口语化为目标:传统小说的“说”变成了现代小说的“写”。这表明,新、旧文学变革并非单纯文化上的“雅”“俗”易位问题。

The literature symbol is a kind of initiative cultural symbol. The modern poem takes Hu Sift as a beginning, in the significance of culture ＂tool revolution＂, through the denial of the traditional Chinese poetry roles, the Chinese modern poem returned to the function of expressing freely, realized the ideal of cultural de - construction which requiring ＂writing poem likes speaking＂ （the transposition of ＂elegant＂ and ＂vulgar＂ in culture.）. The modern novel takes Lu Xun and his ＂Diary of a Lunatic＂ as a beginning, in the construction of the literary language function, the modern novel was not to use the vernacular as the goal, but looking for a kind of suitable spoken language for the self - expression . The ＂saying＂ in the traditional novel was turned to ＂writing＂ in the modern novel. This indicated that, the transformation of new and old literature was not the simple transposition of ＂elegant＂ and ＂vulgar＂ in the culture.