黄瓜种子带菌检测及杀菌剂消毒处理效果

Testing of Seed-borne Fungi of Cucumber Varieties From China and Disinfection Effect of Several Fungicides on Seed-borne Fungi

采用离体平皿法对10个品种的黄瓜种子进行带菌检测,并测定5种杀菌剂和1种种衣剂对种子的消毒处理效果。结果表明,种子表面携带的优势菌群为青霉属(Pen icilliumspp.)、根霉属(Rhizopusspp.)、曲霉属(Aspergillusspp.)、枝孢属(C ladosporiumspp.)、交链孢属(Alternariaspp.)和镰孢霉属(Fusariumspp.);种子内部寄藏的真菌主要为根霉属、曲霉属、枝孢属和镰孢霉属;不同品种的种子表面携带真菌种类差异较大,而种子内部寄藏的真菌种类差异不明显;种壳带菌率一般高于种仁带菌率。15%噁.霜.福悬浮种衣剂、适乐时和福美双对种子的消毒效果优于甲霜灵、多菌灵、噁霉灵等供试药剂。

Seed-borne fungi of cucumber seeds and disinfection effect of several fungicides on them were determined by the method of petri-dish testing. The results showed that Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Aspergillus spp. , Cladosporium spp. , Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. were the main seed-borne fungi on the surface of 10 major cucumber varieties from Beijing and Jilin provinces in China; Rhizopus spp. Aspergillus spp. Cladosporium spp. and Fusarium spp. represented the main internally seed-borne fungi. The fungi on the surface of seeds were significantly different from each other, but the seed-home fungi inside showed no difference. Thiram, Fludioxonil and 15% Hymexazol-Metalaxyl-Thiram Seed Coating Formulation （ HMT SCF） provided a good control on seed-borne fungi. Their disinfection effect was much better than that of other tested fungicides.