高速公路绿化带对交通噪声的衰减效果研究

Study on traffic noise attenuation by green belts along expressway

公路绿化带可对交通噪声产生一定衰减作用,这对于减轻路域环境噪声污染具有重要意义。然而,针对高速公路绿化带种植树种、种植密度、林带宽度等多种因素对降噪效果影响的研究尚属空白。该研究采用选取试验点进行原位调查的方法,研究了山东省3条主要高速公路路侧绿化带对交通噪声的衰减效果,并探讨了林带宽度和郁闭度对噪声衰减的影响。研究结果表明,高速公路绿化带对交通噪声有一定的减轻作用,但在不同的绿化模式下,衰减效果存在较大差别。交通噪声的绿化衰减同林带宽度有很大关系,对于较宽林带,靠近声源前半部分的林带对噪声有较好的减轻作用,但后半部分的减噪效果较小。林带的对噪声的绿化衰减与林带宽度以及宽度和郁闭度的乘积均呈极显著的线性关系。

The green belt along road can decrease traffic noise, which is important to reduce noise pollution in road environment. However, no report is available about the effects of tree parameters on traffic noise attenuation of expressway. The traffic noise attenuation by green belts along expressway and the effects of belt width and canopy density on noise attenuation were studied by in-situ investigation in this paper. The results indicated that green belts could reduce the traffic noise from expressway. However, the effects differed greatly among different greening patterns. Greening attenuation of noise was affected largely by belt width. For wider tree belt, the inner half close to noise source had more significant effect to reduce traffic noise than the outer half. There was a highly significant linear relationship between greening attenuation of noise and belt width or the multiplication of belt width and canopy density.