硬腭游离黏膜移植在种植体周软组织结构重建中的应用

Clinical study on utilizing free palatal mucosa flap in reconstructing peri-implant attached soft tissue

目的：评估硬腭游离黏膜移植在重建种植体周软组织结构中的应用效果及技术特点。方法：126例缺牙患者在北京大学口腔医院种植中心就诊过程中接受腭部游离黏膜移植，以重建种植体周附着软组织，共植入388颗种植体。修复后均追踪1年以上。结果：126例游离黏膜移植患者，3例术后10天出现黏膜瓣坏死脱落，1例黏膜瓣部分坏死，其余122例顺利成活。术后1年再次测量黏膜瓣面积并与术中黏膜瓣面积比较，其平均收缩率为56％（37％～70％）。371颗种植体周的附着软组织〉3mm。388颗种植体未见松动、脱落。8颗（2．06％）种植体在复诊过程中被诊断为种植体周围炎。结论：腭部游离黏膜瓣移植重建种植体周软组织结构方便可行，近期效果好。

Objective：To evaluate the results and clinical characteristics of free palatal mucosa flap reconstructing peri-implant attached soft tissue. Methods： 126 cases with partial edentulous or edentulous were undergone soft tissue reconstruction and implant treatment from July 1997 to June 2005. A total of 388 implants were placed. The mean follow-up period was over 13 months. Mucosa flaps were measured at the operation and compared the size changes one year after operation. Results： Necrosis occurred in 3 mucosa flaps out of 126 cases 10 days postoperatively. Mean shrinkage of mucosa flap was 56% （37% -70% ）. No loss of implant was found in the last follow-up and attached soft tissue width was over 3 mm in 371 implants. Eight implants were diagnosed as peri-implantitis （2.06%）. Conclusion： It is effective and predictable to reconstruct peri-implant attached soft tissue with free palatal mucosa flap.