铁路工程勘测技术的回顾、现状与展望

Review,Present Situation Prospects for Survey Technology for Railway Construction

研究目的:系统回顾并分析了铁路工程勘测技术自建国以来的发展历程,重点叙述了铁路勘测技术在工程测量、航测、遥感、物探、钻探、原位测试等各专业的发展现状及存在的问题。并根据当今科技水平及未来发展趋势,系统地、全面地对铁路勘测技术在以上各专业领域的发展前景作了展望。研究结论:勘测装备更加轻巧、精度更高、功能更加齐全、操作更加方便,数据采集和处理数字化、模块化和自动化,技术应用集成化,建立“工程勘测设计数据库”,完善铁路勘测设计“一体化、智能化”的应用模式,是今后铁路勘测技术总的发展方向,以更好地满足我国今后高速铁路、客运专线以及跨江、跨海隧道建设项目越来越多的需要。

Abstract：Research purposes： The systematic review and analysis are made for the development experience of survey technology for railway construction since 1949, the situations and problems are described in the aspects of engineering survey, aerial survey, physical measurement, probing and in site measurement of survey technology for railway construction, and the development future is prospected systematically and comprehensively for the aspects mentioned above of survey technology for railway construction. Research conclusions：The surveying devices will become lighter and integration with higher accuracy, easier operation, and digitisation, modularisation and automation to collect and process the data. development trend of the survey technology for railway construction to establish construction survey and more functions, It is the general design data bank and improve the applicable mode of ＂Integration and Intellectualization＂ for railway survey and design in order to meet the requirements for more and more construction of high - speed railway and passenger dedicated railway line crossing river and sea.