高级醇加固饱水木器的可逆性实验

The reversible experiment of using poly-alcohol to protect lacquer wares

为了给已加固饱水木器文物留下再处理的空间,本研究对高级醇加固的饱水木器进行了可逆性实验。高级醇加固漆木器文物是利用甲醇具有较强的渗透性和亲水性,置换出木材中的水分子,然后再以硬脂醇置换甲醇,使失水后的木材纤维细胞壁得到加固。可逆性实验是使已加固饱水木器重新回到饱水状态。通过控制环境温度,利用硬脂醇与甲醇共溶原理,改变置换溶液的浓度,用甲醇置换出其器物内的硬脂醇,再用水置换出甲醇,水又重新替代了降解木材的原有空间。实验结果显示,硬脂醇属于“可逆”性加固材料。该方法保护加固原理及工艺简单,并且加固时间短、资金投入少、保护加固设备要求不高,因此对抢救漆木器文物具有广泛的推广应用价值。

In order to have possibilities to treat the reinforced water - logged lacquer - ware, the reversible experiment was carried out by using poly - alcohol. The first, the water is replaced from the lacquer - ware by methyl - alcohol which has stronger permeability and hydrophile ability. Secondly, the methyl - alcohol is replaced by the stearin - alcohol. The cell wall of dewatering lumber fiber has been reinforced. Purpose of the reversible experiment was that the reinforced lacquer - ware could back to the water- logged status through controlling ambient temperature, based on the theory that the methyl - alcohol dissolved the stearin - alcohol mutually. Changing concentration of liquor, the stearin - alcohol of lacquer - ware can be replaced by the methyl - alcohol. Then the methyl - alcohol can be replaced by water. The experiment proved that the stearin - alcohol is a reversible material. The way of protecting lacquer - ware was simple and costed less time and money so it will be applicable in the conservation of lacquer- ware.