主动脉窦与心包横窦的应用解剖研究

Applied Anatomic Study on Aortic Sinus and Sinus Pericardii

目的:明确主动脉窦与心包横窦的毗邻关系,为临床心外科手术和主动脉窦瘤的诊治提供解剖学依据。方法:观察和测量30例成人心脏标本,探查主动脉窦与心包横窦的毗邻关系,并用游标卡尺测量主动脉窦嵴至心包横窦(最低点)的垂直距离,记录数据并做统计学处理。结果:30例成人主动脉的左冠窦、右冠窦、无冠窦都与心包横窦相邻。左冠窦全部与心包横窦相邻;右冠窦与心包横窦相邻1例,占3.33%;无冠窦与心包横窦相邻28例,占93.33%。其中左冠窦和无冠窦与心包横窦的垂直距离分别为(1.68±0.02)cm和(0.97±0.03)cm。结论:临床主动脉窦瘤破裂手术时应注意(1)由于心包横窦右口较左口大,临床手术中从右口进入心包横窦较容易。(2)无冠窦与心包横窦的毗邻关系为上下相邻,上部分与心包横窦相邻,下部分与右心房相邻。

Objective：To identify the adjacent relation between the aortic sinus and transverse sinus of pericarditum for providing the anatomical evidence to diagnosis and treatment of aortic sinus aneurysm and cardiac operation. Methods：To observe and measure 30 adult heart specimens,explore the adjacent relation between aortic sinus and sinus pericardii,measure the perpendicular distance that the crest of aortic sinus goes to the transverse pericardial sinus （low - water mark） by using vernier caliper,and record the data to make statistical analysis.Results：The left coronary sinus, right coronary sinus and noncoronary sinus are dose to the sinus pericardii in 30 heart specimens. All the left coronary sinus is close to the sinus transversns pericardii.One case,occupying 3.33%,showed that the right coronary sinus close to the sinus pericardii.28 cases,occupying 93.33%,displayed the noncomory sinus close to transverse sinus of pericarditum.The vertical distances between the left coronary sinus, non - cornory sinus to the transverse pericardial sinus are （1.68 ± 0.02） cmand （0.97 ±0.03） cm respectively. Conclusions： Pay attention to the surgical operation referring to aortic sinus aneurysm rupture. （1） It is easy to enter sinus pericardii from the right orifice which is larger than the left. （2）The noncornory sinus is immediately beneath the transverse pericardial sinus and rightly over the right atrium.