宜昌大老岭地区薇菜的自然分布及人工繁殖技术研究

Study on Natural Distribution and Artificial Propagation Technique for Osmunda japonica in Yichang Dalaoling Region

薇菜是1种具有经济开发潜力的食用蕨类植物，但其经济利用受到野生资源量的限制。为了探讨其适宜的生长条件和繁殖方式，作者对宜昌大老岭地区的野生薇某种群进行了野外调查和人工繁殖试验。研究表明：①偏好以软阔树种占优势的中、成龄森林立地，成熟针叶林和中、成龄硬阔林立地次之；以海拔900-1500m最为适宜；分布以北坡为主。②利用野生母株繁殖，生长快、见效早；孢子繁殖母株培育时间长，但投入产出比低，经济效益好。③薇菜对土壤肥力要求高，施高效叶面肥能快速促进其生长，提高单位面积产量。

Osmunda japonica is a kind of vegetable fern with a potential of economic exploitation, which is, however, limited by the quantity of wild resource. To explore the optimal environmental condition of population growth and propagation, we extensively investigated the population distribution in Dalaoling Region of Yichang City,and conducted tests of artificial propagation. The results indicate that tends to concentrate at the habitats dominated by mixed deciduous forests of middle to near old-aged stages, followed by mature conifer forests and middle-old aged hardwood forests. The altitude range of O. japonica distribution is with the optimal range at 900-1 500 m a.s.l. In addition,O, japonica prefers north to south slope.Propagation from parent plants collected from the fild can guarantee earlier and faster plant growth, propagation from the spores needs a longer term for parent plants growth, but have a low investment of harvest ratio, and better economic return. O. japonica prefers soil with rich nutrients. Leaf fertilizer can apparently improve the plant growth, and promote the productivity in unit area.