实现道路资源公共福利最大化的途径探讨

Study on the Way to Achieve the Maximum Social Welfare of Road Resources

从经济学角度出发,阐述了道路资源具有准公共物品特性,该特性使市场和政府都可以作为道路资源的提供者．然而市场失灵和政府失灵的存在,决定了靠哪一方单独提供道路资源都不可能达到资源的最优配置,也不能使公共福利达到最大．分析了造成道路资源供给的低效率和社会福利损失的原固,以平衡市场与政府的关系为前提,提出了3种道路资源提供方式．以实现道路资源公共福利最大化为目标,并针对各提供方式提出了道路资源有效供给的途径和措施．

This paper shows the quasi-public goods characteristic of road in terms of economics, which permits both government and market to be qualified as road providers. However, the existence of market failure and government failure makes the road resources not achieve the optimal structure and maximum public welfare with the monopolized road supply by either of them. The reasons for low efficiency on road resources supply and the loss of social welfare are analyzed, and three road supply modes based on the balance between the government and the market are established. With the aim of the maximization of public welfare of road resource, finally effective supply paths and measures of road resources are discussed according to different supply modes.