基地直达车流组织优化

Optimization of Car Flow Organization in Nonstop Train Loading Base

铁路基地直达货物运输对于加快货物送达、加速车辆周转、缓解编组站能力紧张、降低运输成本等具有重要意义。本文在分析基地直达列车开行的必要条件,以及车流以直达或非直达形式输送,在装、运、卸、储各环节的费用消耗基础上,对基地直达车流组织问题进行了研究,构建了基地直达车流组织优化的非线性0-1规划模型。模型中充分考虑了车流在直达基地的各种组合方案,将运输与库存成本纳入同一目标函数,以物流系统成本最优为目标、以直达列车开行的唯一性条件和必要条件为约束来确定基地车流组织方案。构建的模型能够全面地描述直达基地车流的各种组合,符合我国直达货物运输实际,进一步拓宽了铁路车流组织的研究领域。最后给出的构模实例对模型的有效性、合理性进行了进一步的验证。

The nonstop railway freight transportation in loading bases is one of the modern and high efficient ways of car flow organization especially for those bulk cargos. It can not only speedup car movement, but also reduce marshalling yards operating burdens and transportation costs. On the bases of detailed analysis of the cost of car flow in the process of loading, movement, unloading and inventory, and the necessary conditions of supplying direct service, this paper addresses the problem of car flow organization of nonstop freight trains. A nonlinear 0-1 programming model is formulated subject to the exclusive and necessary conditions of supplying direct train service. The objective of the proposed model is to minimize the total cost of the logistics system and it can comprehensively describe the blocking strategy and various combination of O-D demand pairs in the loading area. An example problem is presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed model.