烹调油烟提取物和燃煤颗粒物对豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞自由基的体外诱导作用

Free Radicals Formation in Alveolus Macrophages of Guinea Pig Induced by Cooking Oil Fume Extracts and Coal Combustion Particles in Vitro

目的探讨烹调油烟提取物和燃煤颗粒物对豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞内源性自由基的体外诱导作用。方法采集北京市民用菜油油烟提取物和蜂窝煤燃烧颗粒物(PM10),制备样品,分别以终浓度为0、0.5、1.0、2.0mg/ml和0、1.25、2.50、5.00mg/ml的各4个剂量组染毒豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞,每次实验设3个平行样,实验重复1次。以豆蔻酰佛波醇乙酯为阳性对照。采用电子自旋共振(ESR)自旋捕捉技术对烹调油烟提取物和燃煤颗粒物刺激豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞产生活性氧自由基进行了实验研究。结果烹调油烟提取物、燃煤颗粒物及颗粒物丙酮提取后的剩余物均可刺激豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞,引起呼吸爆发,产生羟自由基(·OH)。0、0.5、1.0mg/ml剂量组烹调油烟提取物的刺激作用比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。燃煤颗粒物及丙酮提取后剩余物的刺激作用,各剂量组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。燃煤颗粒物的刺激作用明显大于丙酮提取后剩余物的刺激作用,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。表明颗粒物诱导自由基的作用来源于颗粒物中有机成分的化学刺激和颗粒物的颗粒组分的机械刺激两部分。结论烹调油烟提取物和燃煤颗粒物可诱导豚鼠肺泡巨噬细胞产生活性氧自由基,产生的自由基可能参与这些污染物的肺损伤及致突变、致癌作用。

Objective To explore the effects of extracts of cooking oil fume and coal combustion particles on inducing active oxygen free radicals formation. Methods Electron spin resonance and spin trapping technique was used to determine the free radicals. The signals of active oxygen free radicals produced by the respiratory burst of alveolus macrophages （AM） in guinea pig exposed to extracts of cooking oil fume or coal combustion particles were directly measured. Results The extracts of cooking oil fume, coal combustion particles and its surplus after being extracted by acetone could stimulate AM in guinea pig to produce hydroxy free radical （·OH）, and presented the dose-response relationship. The effect of coal combustion particles on inducing free radicals was significantly stronger than that of its surplus. It suggested that the effect of coal combustion particles on inducing free radicals originates from its chemical component and particle component, Conclusion Both of cooking oil fume and coal combustion particles may stimulate AM to produce active oxygen free radicals which may play an important role in lung damage, mutagenic and carcinogenic course induced by these pollutants.