捕食性瓢虫的利用

THE USE OF PREDACEOUS COCCINELLIDS

瓢虫在生物防治发展历史中占据着重要的地位，Ｃｏｐｐｅｌ和Ｍａｒｔｉｎｓ（１９７７）在《害虫生物抑制》一书中，把１８８８年作为害虫防治早期历史与中期历史的分界。这是由于１８８８年美国加利福尼亚州自澳大利亚移殖澳洲瓢虫防治吹绵蚧获得成功，使引进天敌防治害虫成为一项重要措施，在害虫防治研究中更加重视天敌的作用，推动着生物防治工作的开展。本文介绍了捕食性瓢虫的种类及区系分布，捕食性瓢虫的输引情况，总结了瓢虫人工繁殖以及捕食性瓢虫的利用研究概况。

The use of insecticides largely interfered the early attempts at biological control and interest remained low for as long as insecticides appeared quite successful. However, the problems of insecticides soon became apparent, and in the decade there is tremendousdevelopment in biological control, particularly in combination with other measures to form integrated control. In these developments aphids and mites, which perhaps include the most widespread crop pests, have received special attention and therefore there has been aroused great interest in coccinellids as biological potential control agents. Moreover, coccinellids have long proved valuable in the biological control of coccids. Therefore, coccinellids have became of very considerable interest among the entomophagus insects of the world. In this paper, the species, distribution, importation, mass production and the use of predaceous coccinellids have been introduced.