知识型团队有效知识转移的社会资本结构优化研究

Optimizing the Structure of Social Capital for Effective Knowledge Transfer in Knowledge Team

知识型团队是组织进行知识创造的理想场所或者“Ba”,在开放系统下团队内外部的知识转移能力很大程度上决定了知识创造结果.根据团队运行需要,本文认为“内部偏重于隐性知识转移而外部加强显性知识转移”是一个合理的安排,而与此相应的社会资本结构优化设计是:团队内部社会资本应具有强连结、紧密型网络、一般信任和共同的结构性知识等特征,而外部社会资本则应表现为弱连结、松散型网络、特殊信任和共同的组件性知识,前者有利于成员之间进行隐性知识的深度转移,而后者则有利于成员从外部主体进行显性知识的广度转移.

Knowledge team is an ideal place or ＂Ba＂ to create knowledge, however under the open system, team＇s ability to transfer knowledge from the inside and outside determines the outcome of knowledge creation. According to the requirement of team, it is a reasonable arrangement to transfer tacit knowledge from the inside and transfer explicit knowledge from the outside, so the optimal structure of team＇s social capital is that the inside social capital has the characteristics with strong ties, dense network, universal trust and common structural knowledge, and the outside social capital has the characteristics with weak ties, spare network, particular trust and common component knowledge. The former structure of social capital has the advantage for the deep transferring of tacit knowledge and the latter one is good for the wide transferring of explicit knowledge.