从所“非”看艺术学之所“是”——艺术学学科性质析疑

An analysis on positives of artistic discipline from its negatives——questions on nature of art as a discipline

“艺术学学科性质”问题是当下艺术学学科建设的一个重要而热门的话题。作为二级学科艺术学的“艺术学”,在其逐步形成的历史过程中曾出现过多种称谓,如“一般艺术学”、“艺术科学”、“艺术哲学”,乃至于“美学”(如KonradLange)等,导致这种名称混用的现状既有历史原因,亦存在某种对学科的理解问题。艺术学是一门针对艺术主体、艺术实践、艺术作品、艺术规律、艺术价值、艺术现象等做科学研究并辅之以哲学思考的人文科学;艺术学是以科学方法及哲学方法论为工具、以整体艺术系统为研究对象的人文科学;艺术学不是“艺术哲学”,而属于“艺术科学”。

The nature of art as a discipline is a hot issue and also the first proposition to be faced in the construction of artistic discipline. In the development of this discipline, many terms have been used, such as general artistic discipline, artistic science, artistic philosophy or even aesthetics (proposed by Konrad Lange). An accurate understanding of this question definitely becomes the key point in the construction of artistic discipline. Therefore, an analysis on this topic is necessary and unavoidable.