元杂剧的市民话语体系解读

On civilian discourse system reflected in zaju opera of the Yuan Dynasty

从民俗文化的角度研究元杂剧的语言,可知元杂剧形成了一套与士大夫阶层的话语不同的市民话语体系,如“造反者的话语体系”、“青楼话语体系”、“商人话语体系”等,它吸收了宋元以来的民间文学、市民文学的话语养分,具有鲜明的市民话语特征,反映出元代市民在政治、思想、经济等方面的诉求,是元代民俗文化的一个组成部分。

This paper makes an analysis of zaju opera language from the angle of folk culture, holding that zaju opera represents the civilian discourse system which is different from the system of upper classes. The civilian discourse system, including the rebels’ language, the prostitutes’ language and the merchants’ language, absorbs the language used in folk literature and civilian literature since the Song and Yuan Dynasties. This civilian discourse system, characterized by the spoken language of civilians, reflects their appeal on politics, ideology and economy, and thus constitutes a part of the folk culture of the Yuan Dynasty.