论取保候审制度功能的重构——以被追诉者权利保护的角度

On Reconstructing the Function of the System of Obtaining Guarantors and Awaiting Trial:from the Aspect of Protecting the Rights of the Defendant

我国将取保候审制度纯粹作为国家权力行使制度对待,而从被追诉者权利保护的角度而言,取保候审制度是被追诉者应当享有的一项权利,我国《刑事诉讼法》的有关规定也体现了这一属性。但是由于我国司法理论和立法规定的缺陷,导致了被追诉者取保候审权利保护的不足。笔者认为,我国应当借鉴国外保释制度的优点,改革《刑事诉讼法》第51条的规定,以第52条为根基,完善取保候审制度;而且,由于违反取保候审规定的成本过低,还应当规定脱保行为的刑事责任。

China treats the system of obtaining guarantors and awaiting trial as the power of the state. However, from the aspect of protecting the rights of the defendant, the system also should be the right enjoyed by the defendant. The criminal procedure law of China also embodies such a characteristic. Due to the blemishes of the judicatory theory and legislation, it is insufficient to protect the defendant＇ s right for obtaining guarantors and awaiting trial. China shall learn from the advantages of the bail system, reform the law ordains of Article 51 in criminal procedure law and use Article 52 as groundwork to perfect the system of obtaining guarantors and awaiting trial.