论周扬延安时期文艺思想的构成

The Formation of Zhou Yang's Thoughts on Literature and Art During the Yanan Period

周扬在延安时期的文艺思想具有一定的理论品格独立性,在对马克思主义中国化问题的思考中做出了一定的贡献。研究其当时文艺思想的构成可知:其一,“深入生活与超越生活”是对车尔尼雪夫斯基“美是生活”命题的深化;其二,文学由服从政治走向服从政策是对毛泽东文艺观念的合乎逻辑的推进;其三,现实主义和大众化是实现政治性和艺术性完美统一的有效路径;其四,倡导歌颂光明并对新的喜剧形式及其美学观念表现了一种深情呼唤。周扬此时文艺思想的形成,其实在很大程度上根源于对“人”本身的理解。当周扬在较为宽松的政治语境下,不经意间偶尔偏离了人之阶级性本质规定时,他的理论构建就会闪现出能够超越一定历史局限性的美学光辉。

Zhou Yang's thoughts on literature and art during Yanan period have definitely a theoretical independence and contributed to the consideration of the Chinese acceptance of Marxism.Studies of the constitution of these ideas will reveal:(1)the idea of “participating and transcending life” is a deepening of the proposition that “beauty is life” put forward by Chernichofsky;(2)the idea of literature's shifting from politics to policies is a logical development of Mao's thoughts on literature and art;(3)the idea that realism and popularization of literature is an effective way to achieve the integrity of politics and artistry;and(4)his advocate of glorification of good and his wholehearted call of comedy forms and aesthetic ideas.These ideas were formed mainly in light of his understanding of man himself.When political situation was not tense and when he was not so concerned about the human essence of class,his theoretical constitution would sparkle with aesthetics that had gone beyond the historical limitations.