民国国歌《卿云歌》的诞生与争论

The Birth of the National Song of the Republic of China and the Disputes on It

民国初期政治与文化的混乱状态,导致民国国歌《卿云歌》的诞生几经波折。本文首先梳理《卿云歌》成为民国国歌的历史过程,然后一一分析其谱制过程中引发的重要争论,包括:民国国歌应该表达什么样的立国精神?国歌的品性究竟是应该“激昂尚武”还是应该“中正平和”?国歌的歌词究竟应该采用“文言”还是“白话”?国歌的曲调是应该具有民族特色,还是应该采用西洋曲风?本文试图通过对这些争论的分析,考察晚清到民国初期,中国从传统社会向现代国家转变过程中的政治、文化形态与社会心理。

The political and cultural chaos at the beginning of the Republic put the national song in its vicissitudes.This paper traces the process of its historical formation,and then analyzes the disputes on it,including what national spirit should it express? Is it valiance and militancy or justice and peace? What kind of language does it fit for the song,classic or modern? Should the tune be national or Western? Through the analysis of these disputes,this paper also tells about the political,cultural and social changes from traditional society to the modern state in the transitional period from the late Qing dynasty to the beginning of the Republic.