广州地区观赏植物疫霉种的鉴定及交配型研究

Identification of Phytophthora spp．Causing Ornamental-plant Diseases in Guangzhou

近年广州地区观赏植物疫病发生普遍。１９８７～１９９２年，从九重葛、长春花、忍冬、白兰、五彩椒、米兰及云南黄素馨等观赏植物上分离获得３９个疫霉菌株。根据孢子囊形态、脱落性、有性器官的形成、生长温度及致病性等，将其鉴定为寄生疫霉（ＰｈｙｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａｐａｒａｓｉｔｉｃａＤａｓｔ，），辣椒疫霉（Ｐ．ｃａｐｓｉｃｉＬｃｏｎｉａｎ．）和棕榈疫霉（Ｐ．ｐａｌｍｉｖｏｒａ（Ｂｕｔｌ．）Ｂｕｔｌｃｒ．）。对这３种疫霉分别作了种的描述。试验结果表明，甲霜灵（瑞毒霉）及甲霜灵锰锌（瑞毒霉锰锌）防病效果比较显著。

The phytophthora diseases of ornamental plants have been prevalent in Guangzholl inrecent years，During the years of l987－1992，39 phytophthora isolates were obtained from thefollowing ornamental plants：Bougainvillea glabra（number of isolates：7），Catharanthus roseus（5），Lonicera japonica（5），Michelia alba（6），Capicum frutescens（5）Aglaia odorata（6）andJasminum mesmy（5）．According to the morphology and caducity of their sporangia，the formation and mating type of their sexual organs，their growth temperature，and their infectivity to thehost plants，the 39 isolates were identified as P. parasitica（17），P，capsici 11 and 11 P.palmivora（ll）．Metalaxyl and Ridomil-Mz were found in field tests to be quite effective in controlling the diseases.