松阿扁叶蜂防治指标、测报及生命表的初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDIED ON MANAGEMENT INDEX, METHOD FOR FORECASTING AND LIFE TABLE OF ACANTHOLYDA POSTICALIS MATSU

松阿叶峰(Acantholyda posticalis Matsumura)是樟子松、油松的重要食叶害虫。为有效地治理该害虫,我们对其防治指标、测报方法及生命表进行了系统的研究。通过林间接虫试验和实际危害,食叶量为35％已达到危害经济阈值,即在长50cm标准枝上有4头幼虫,订为防治指标。发生期的预报采用历期法、有效积温、物候及温度指标法。幼虫发育起点温度为13.48℃,有效积温为106.72日度。日平均温度达到23℃时成虫大量羽化,发生量可以通过种群超势指数Ⅰ来预报。通过生命表研究看出:卵、初孵幼虫死亡及越冬后滞育是种群变动的关键因子。

The Acantholyda Posticalis Matsu is an important leaf-eating pests for Pinus sylvesstris var.mongolica and Pinus Tabulaeformis.To control the pests effectively, we have studied its management inedx, forecasting and life table.The results, which were obtained by testing and investigating the actual loss by damaging, indicated that the amount of leaves eaten reaches 35% which is at economic injury level, namely, 4 larvae on a standard branch (50cm) reach management index.The occurrerce time was forecasted by means of periodic distance, effective thermal constant temperature (ETCT), and the methods of phenology and temperature index; The larval development zero is 13.48℃ and effective thermal constant temperature is 106.72day-degree. When daily meant temperature reaches to 23℃, most of adults emerge.The occurrence amount can be forecasted by index Of population trend (Ⅰ) .The results of studying for life table indicated the deaths of eggs and primary hatching larvae and diapause of overwintering larvae are key-factors of population change.