不同程度脑白质病变患者认知功能障碍特点

The characteristics of cognitive disorder in the patients with white matter lesions of different scales

目的探讨不同程度脑白质病变(WMLs)患者认知功能障碍的特点。方法临床收集97名患者,根据MRIT2加权像分为4级,以WMLs0级作为对照组,分别进行MMSE、积木测验和画钟测验。结果⑴WMLs患者的MMSE、积木测验和画钟测验评分与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);⑵与对照组相比,WMLs3级组MMSE总评分、时间定向、语言即刻记忆、注意力、计算力、图形描画、积木测验和画钟测验评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而WMLs1级和2级组各项评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论⑴WMLs患者主要存在记忆、注意力、计算力和视空间功能的下降;⑵只有当WMLs损害达到一定程度后才引起认知功能的下降。

Objective To investigate the characteristic of cognitive disorder in the patients with different scales of white matter lesions（WMLs）. Methods 97 patients were classified into 4 groups according to MRI. The patients with WMLs of grade 0 were regarded as control group. All patients＇ cognitive status were assessed with MMSE, block-test, clock-drawing test. Results ① All scores of MMSE, block test and clock-drawing test in WMLs group were lower than those in control group. ② Compared with control group, the patients in group with grade 3 WMLs had lower scores in MMSE, time orientation, short-term memory, attention and calculation, painting, block test and clock-drawing test, except for the patients in groups with grade 1 and grade 2 WMLs. Conclusions Cognitive declines in memory, attention, calculation and visual-spatial function were existed in patients with WMLs. Cognitive declines in patients with WMLs only existed when WMLs increased to some extent.