日本明治时期“新汉语”的创制与入华

Creation and Spreading into China of “New Chinese” in Meiji Period in Japan

同属汉字文化圈的中国与日本长期发生语汇互动。近代以来,日本创制的译介西方术语的“新汉语”大量传入中国,构成中国汲纳西方文化的语文工具。日制“新汉语”主要借用并引申汉字古典词对译西洋术语,也借助汉字词构词法创制新词对译西洋术语。不少日制“新汉语”已经成为汉语词库的通用成员。

As a same Chinese character cultural circle, there were being a long interaction on vocabularies between China and Japan. From modern times, the ＂new Chinese＂ which was created in Japan for translating and introducing western terminologies, constructed a language tool for deriving western culture. Given exam- ples of scientific vocabularies, the article studies creating ways of ＂new Chinese＂, mainly used and extended Chinese traditional words to translate western vocabularies; and also drew support from Chinese word--formation for creating new words to translate western vocabularies. In late Qing and early Min, a large quantity made-in-Japan ＂new Chinese＂ spread into China, and some of them had become popular members of Chinese lexicon.