莎士比亚戏剧的终极关注

The Ultimate Concern in Shakespeare’s Plays

本文尝试运用保罗.蒂利希的“终极关注”概念考察莎剧中最根本的宗教意念。认为莎士比亚超越人世悲欢的寻常层面,进入人类心灵的最深层次,在那里捕捉到人的终极关注,其核心意象乃是上帝。莎剧人物忠实诠释了上帝的绝对属性如全知、全能、遍在、永恒等,及其道德属性如仁慈、至善、正义、信实等。对于上帝与人、上帝与自然、上帝与历史的关系,莎士比亚的理解与基督教教义如出一辙。出色地展示出人类的终极关注,是莎士比亚戏剧取得不朽成就的重要原因之一。

The paper is to study the basic religious ideas in Shakespeare＇ s plays by following Paul TiUich＇ s concept of ＂ultimate concern. ＂ It holds that Shakespeare transcended the worldly and got to the deepest level of human heart; he discovered the human ultimate concern, the core of which is God. Shakespeare＇ s characters interpret faithfully God＇ s absolute properties such as omniscience, omnipotence, omnipresence, and immortality and explain fully God＇ s moral properties such as benevolence, goodness, justice and trustworthiness. Shakespeare＇ s understanding of the relationship between God and man, nature, and history respectively accords with Christian doctrines. One of the important reasons for the immortal achievements of Shakespeare＇ s plays is that they have shown the ultimate concern for the mankind.