过度训练致大鼠心肌和肾组织细胞凋亡及山莨菪碱干预的影响

Cardiomyocyte and renal cell apoptosis induced by overtraining and the preventive effects of anisodamine in rats

目的同步研究过度训练致心肌和肾组织细胞凋亡及山莨菪碱干预的影响。方法采用大鼠游泳至力竭方式建立过度训练模型,将大鼠随机分为对照组、力竭组及山莨菪碱组,力竭组又根据力竭后恢复时间分为力竭即刻组、力竭后6h组和力竭后24h组;山莨菪碱组于力竭运动前腹腔注射山莨菪碱10mg/kg,分为山莨菪碱干预后6h组和山莨菪碱干预后24h组。用TUNEL法、图像分析仪及流式细胞术检测各组大鼠心肌和肾组织细胞凋亡情况。结果力竭即刻组大鼠心肌细胞凋亡较对照组增多(P<0.05),力竭后6h组心肌细胞凋亡更为明显(P<0.05),力竭后24h组心肌细胞凋亡明显减少,但仍明显高于对照组(P<0.05);力竭即刻、6h、24h组大鼠肾组织细胞凋亡逐渐增多,与对照组比较,差异显著(P<0.05)。山莨菪碱干预后6h组和山莨菪碱干预后24h组心肌和肾组织凋亡细胞数较力竭同时间组明显减少(P<0.05)。结论心肌和肾组织细胞凋亡是过度训练致心肌和肾脏损伤的细胞学基础;心肌损伤比肾损伤恢复快;山莨菪碱可通过抑制心肌和肾组织细胞的过度凋亡,对心、肾损伤起到明显的防治作用。

Objective To study the cardiomyocyte and renal cell apoptosis induced by overtraining, and the preventive effects of anisodamine against the adverse effects.Methods The rats were forced to swim till exhaustion to reproduce the animal model of overtraining. The animals were randomly divided into control group, exhausted group and anisodamine group. The exhausted group, depending on the recovery time after exhaustion, was divided again into exhaustion subgroup, 6h after exhaustion subgroup, and 24h after exhaustion subgroup. The animals in the anisodamine group received intraperitoneally 10mg/kg of anisodamine before the swimming overtraining, and divided again into 6h after anisodamine injection subgroup and 24h anisodamine injection subgroup. The cardiomyocyte and renal cell apoptosis was observed by the method of TUNEL, image analysis and flow cytometry. Results It was revealed by TUNEL that the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes was increased after exhaustive swimming, especially in the 6h after exhaustion subgroup. The number of apoptotic cells was also increased in kidney of Oh, 6h and 24h after exhaustion subgroups, especially in 24h after exhaustion subgroup. The apoptosis ratio was also increased significantly in Oh, 6h and 24h after exhaustion subgroups as demonstrated by flow cytometry. Compared with the rats of exhausted group, the number of apoptotic cells in heart and renal tissue was decreased remarkably after anisodamine injection. Conclusion The apoptosis of cardiomyocyte and renal cell could be induced by exhaustive swimming. Compared with kidney, heart injury recovered more quickly. Anisodamine had the preventive effect on the injury to heart and kidney in exhausted rats.