《马氏文通》中的“散动”及其相关问题

"Non-predicative verbs" and Related Issues in Mashiwentong

“散动”是《马氏文通》中提出的重要语法学术语,它主要包含有两层意思,从语义分析来说是指与“坐动”(谓语核心动词)相对的“非谓语核心动词”;从句法结构分析来说是指与“语词”相对的动词短语中的“述语”。“散动”与“读”是从不同的角度分析汉语中的短语,虽然在功能上基本相同,但内涵不尽一致。它的设立对汉语语法学的完善有着深刻的启示作用。

＂Non-predicative verbs＂ is an important grammatical term in Mashiwentong which mainly consists of two meanings.From semantic analysis it is in contract with the predicative verb and it is a non-predicative verb.From syntactic structure it refers to the predicate in a verb phrase in contrast with the one in a sentence.＂Non-Predicative verbs＂ and ＂read＂ analyze the phrases in Chinese from different perspectives.Although they have the same basic functions.they have different connotations.The set-up of the theory throws light on the perfection of Chinese grammar.