电纺制备PEOnm纤维过程参数的试验研究

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Processing Parameters on the Formation of Electrospun Polyethylene Oxide Nanofibers

电纺丝技术是一种能制备连续纤维的简单而直接的加工方法,其所得纤维的直径一般为几十至几千nm。为研究电纺丝过程参数对所得纤维直径与形态的影响关系,采用聚氧化乙烯(PEO)/水体系作为研究对象,进行了电纺丝法制备PEO纳米纤维的试验,制得了直径为100-1000 nm的纤维。对溶液质量浓度(0.04-0.06 kg/L)和纺丝电压(5.7-15 kV)两个过程参数的研究表明,低质量浓度PEO水溶液在该实验条件下无法获得均匀光滑的纤维,纤维有打结现象。质量浓度为0.05、0.06 kg/L的PEO水溶液在纺丝电压为5-15 kV条件下可制得形态良好的纤维,且纤维直径随着溶液质量浓度增高而变大,随着纺丝电压升高而变小。

Electrospinning is a simple and straightforward process by which continuous polymer fibers with diameter ranging from a few nanometers to microns can be produced using an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution （ or polymer melt）. In the present contribution, ultrafine fibers were spun from polyethylene oxide （ PEO）/water solution using a homemade electrospinning set-up. The effects of the concentration of polymer solution and spinning voltage on the morphology of fibers and distribution of fiber diameters were investigated. A more comprehensive and systematic understanding of process parameters of the electrospinning was obtained. In this experiment fibers with diameter ranging from 100 nm to 1000 nm were obtained. The results showed that both the concentration of polymer solution and spinning voltage were important factors characterizing the morphology of fibers and distribution of fiber diameters. The concentration of polymer solution played an important role in the morphology of the fibers obtained. Lower concentration of polymer solution （0. 04 kg/L PEO aqueous solution） tended to facilitate the formation of fibers with beads, and smooth and uniform fibers without beads were obtained at the concentration of 0. 05 kg/L PEO aqueous solution and 0. 06 kg/L PEO aqueous solution. As other process parameters were fixed, raising the concentration of polymer solution resulted in the increasing of average diameter of fibers. Spinning voltage also had an influence on the average diameter of fibers. Thinner fibers were received on the target with higher voltage applied on the nozzle at a given flow rate. The morphology of fibers electrospun from PEO was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）.