火鸡新城疫免疫程序的研究

STUDIES ON THE IMMUNE PROGRAM FROM NEWCASTLE DISEASE OF TURKEYS

本实验使用950只美国尼古拉白羽健康火鸡,中间实验使用9616只,用新城疫疫苗免疫后,抽样监测其HI抗体滴度和观测其对新城疫强毒攻击的抵抗力的方法,研究了火鸡新城疫的免疫日龄、免疫途径、免疫剂量、免疫次数以及免疫期与保护率的关系。结果表明,对1日龄雏火鸡用新城疫Lasota疫苗(Ⅳ系苗),以鸡的倍量,通过滴鼻和点眼途径首次免疫,其免疫保护期可维持1个月;对21日龄的火鸡用新城疫Mukteswar苗(Ⅰ系苗)以鸡的倍量,通过肌肉注射2次免疫,其免疫保护期可维持6个月齿龄;对种用火鸡,于开始繁殖前3～4周,用新城疫Ⅰ系苗,以鸡的倍量肌肉注射进行第3次免疫,可在生产期抵抗新城疫的侵害。由此,提出商品火鸡和中用火鸡的新城疫免疫程序。

<ABSTRACT> 950 and 9616 white Nicbolas turkeys were employed respectively in the primary and in-termediate experiments to determine the suitable ND vaccination age of turkeys the immuneroutes, the dose of ND vaccine, the frequency of vaccination and the duration of immunityfrom ND along with its relation to the percentage of protection against ND by detecting theHI titres of sample turkeys after immunization with ND vaccine and challenge exposure tovirulent ND virus. The results indicated that the duration of immunity of poults to ND which were once in-oculated nasally and ocularly with the double chicken's dose of Lasota vaccine at one-dayold, could last at least one month. It was also shown that the duration of immunity of the tut-keys from ND kept up for 6 months by the sccomd vaccination in muscular administrationwith the same dose of vaccine as used for chicken at the age of 21 days. 180-day-old breedingturkeys vaccinated in muscular administration with the double chicken's dose of Mukteswarvaccine, the duration of immunity from ND wes kept up for 5 months by the third vaccina-tion. The immune programs to ND for commercial and breeding turkey flecks were recom-mended.