新课程背景下高考(上海)历史科命题改革研究

Research on the Test-question Design Reform of History in the College Entrance Examinations in Shanghai

近年来，上海市在高考历史科命题改革方面取得了长足的进展，为全国同行瞩目。总结其经验，主要是按照新课程指引的方向，从实际情况出发，在命题基本准则上紧紧围绕“为学生构建展示自己的平台，使考试成为课程发展的有机组成部分”的理念，在试卷的立意策划、总体结构、题型功能及命题技术方面加强科研，注重实践上的可操作性，保证在课改的进程中，新、老（历史课程）高考的顺利过渡与转轨。

In recent years, great progress has been made in the test-question design reform of history in the College Entrance Examinations in Shanghai. According to the requirements of the new curriculum and the actual situation, they have developed such conceptions： constructing platforms for students to display themselves and turning examinations into an organic part of the curriculum development. Furthermore, they also have done much research work in purpose design, structure, function and techniques on test-question design with more emphasize on their feasibility in practice in order to guarantee the smooth transition from the old form of history college entrance examination to the new ones.