“时空缩减”背景下客源市场空间分布及演变趋势分析

ANALYSIS ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND EVOLUTIONAL TREND OF TOURIST ORIGINS IN THE BACKGROUND OF “TIME-SPACE REDUCTION”

距离因素是影响旅游地客源空间分布与演化的关键因素,现代交通技术的变革,信息化及网络技术的普及造成的时空汇聚使距离因素弱化。以距离因素的多维尺度特征为切入点,分析了“时空缩减”背景下的游客出游距离的变化趋势;构建旅游地客源市场演化的理论模型,用逆向思维的方法,探讨了旅游地吸引半径的变化动向;结合游客出游距离和旅游地吸引半径的演化趋势,阐述了旅游地客源市场的时空动态演化过程并剖析了其内在机理;最后通过实证研究对理论模型进行扩展和检验,为旅游地客源拓展提供了理论依据及实践参考。

with the development of information and globalization, the distance with the characters of multi-dlmensions has been reduced. The resultant phenomenon is named ＂the time and space reduction＂. It is well known that tourism is affected by distance. For example, distance is one of the key factors that can influence the spatial structure and evolutional trend of trourist origins. So with the process of ＂Time-Space Reduction＂, the spatial structure and evolutional trend of trourist origins must be deviated from the routine track and the destinations and local government must reply to the trend to develop the tourism industry. However the correlative studies at present have only a little involved in this field and the previous studies have been focused on the geography distance and are restricted in the view of distance attenuation. In the view of the multi-dimensions character of distance, the distance change of journey and the respectively spatial evolvement of tourist origins of individual destination and double destinations are analyzed in this paper. On the basis of above results, the ideal model is set up to inquiry into the vary trend on the distance radius using the method of contrary and terminal thinking. Combining the change of tourist distance and the radius, the time-space dynamic evolution process is elaborated and its inherence mechanism is analyzed. The result is that the phenomenon of ＂time- space reduction＂ will affect the change of destination accessibility, the behavior space of visitor and the perceptive environment, and then the spatial structure and evolutional trend of trourist origins have changed. But the spatial structure and evolutional trend of trourist origins that bas been funded by the ideal model has little practical significance because of the following reasons. There is none destination with no competition, the destinations have competitions with great differences and the factors that influenced the origins are intricated. So the ideal model has been expanded and examined in this paper. According to this idea, the distance＇s affection to the special rule of origins will be weekened to the individual destination with the progress of ＂time-space reduction＂ and the economic factor will be the dominant factor, so the character of discontinuity will stand out, the concentrate degree will fall and the space distribution will spread out. The scale of median and far distance visitors will be likely to exceed the scale of the neighborhood visitors. The above results and conclusions can provide the theory basis and practical references for the tourism destination and have great academic and practical significance.