眼科门诊干眼患病状况及相关因素调查分析

Investigation of dry eye in ophthalmic outpatients

目的：了解眼科门诊患者中干眼患病状况及相关因素。方法：以2005年4～6月及9～11月间眼科门诊就诊的650例患者作为研究对象，年龄〉30岁，在获得知情同意以后进行问卷调查和干眼相关检查，先对干眼症状阳性者进行泪膜破裂时间（BUT）试验，再对其中BUT〈10S者进行角结膜荧光素染色、睑板腺功能检查、基础泪液分泌试验及虎红染色4项客观检查。结果：干眼总患病率为20．6％，女性（26．2％）高于男性（15．0％）（P〈0．001）；眼部不适症状中最多见的是干涩感182例（28．0％），其次为疲劳感158例（24．3％），最少见的症状为眼痛_42例（6．5％）；泪膜破裂时间平均为（9．93±2．91）S，男性为（10．55±2．30）S，长于女性的（9．30±3．30）S，P〈0．001；泪膜破裂时间随年龄增长而缩短，60岁以上年龄组泪膜破裂时间短于60岁以下年龄组（P〈O．05），70岁以上年龄组泪膜破裂时间最短，为（7．16±3．52）S，与60-69岁组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：眼科门诊干眼的患病率与年龄、性别相关。

Objective： To study the prevalence of dry eye in a hospital-based population and analyze the causes of dry eye. Methods： A total of 600 new outpatients age above 30 years were screened for dry eye from April to May 2005 and Sectember to Octorbor 2005. After informed consent was obtained from subjects, a questionnaire was done. When a respondent indicated the presence of symptom, BUT test was performed, subjects whose the value of BUT〈10 s were undergone the dry eye test including： fluorescein staining test, meibomian gland function, Schirmer I test, rose basal; then a hospital-based case-control study was conducted to those subjects who were deemed to be suffering from dry eye, two matched controls per dry eye case were randomly selected. Multivariate conditional logistic regression model was used for univariable and multivariate analysis. Results： Six hundred and fifty people participated; they ranged in age from 30-83 years （with a mean of 49.9 yars）. Dry eye was present in 134 （20.6%） of the study subjects, it was significantly higher （P 〈0.001） in females （26.2%） than in males （15.0%） ; on analysing the presenting complaints, the most common complaint was dryness, found in 182 （28.0%） subjects, followed by ocular fatigue 158（24.3 %）and the most least complaint was ocular pain in 42（6.5%）. In 650 subjects the mean value of BUT was （9.93±2.91） seconds. In male the mean value of BUT was（10.55±2.30）seconds,which was significant higher than that in female （P 〈0. 001）. BUT dereased progressively with age. In those above 60 years of age the mean value of BUT was significant higher than in those be low 60 years of age （P 〈0.001）, the most shortest the value of BUT was in patients aged 70 years and above（7.16± 3.52）s （P 〈0.001）. Conclusions： The prevalence of dry eye in ophthalmic outpation is 20.6%. Age, sex and occupation afflicted with dry eye.