金属板料激光冷塑性弯曲的研究

Research on Plastic Curvature of Plate by Laser Shock Waves

利用激光冲击波来成形金属板料是塑性成形领域刚刚出现的新技术,同激光热应力成形和传统的机械喷丸成形相比,具有巨大的优势。文章在分析了成形机理的基础上,用短脉冲(ns级)的强激光(GW/cm2)对LY12CZ航空铝合金材料进行了初步的激光冲击变形实验,探讨了在冲击轨迹为直线情况下,激光脉冲能量、冲击次数、板料的厚度等对板料成形量的影响。实验结果表明:板料变形量随激光能量的增大而变大,随冲击次数的增加而增加,最后趋于平缓;随板料变形厚度的增加而减小。

Plastic forming plate by laser shock waves is an emerging modern processing. Comparing to the traditional shot peening forming and laser bending based on heating effect,it has lots of advantages. In this paper, the mechanism of forming by laser shock waves is investigated. And some preliminary experimental explorations are carried out with LY12CZ specimens shocked by a neodymium-glass laser of pulse duration 20 ns to test the energy of laser, numbers of laser shot peening and thickness of specimen to affect the magnitude of plate deformation. The experimental results indicate that the magnitude of plastic deformation of plate increases non-linearly with the energy of laser density of laser, and also increases with the increasing numbers of laser shock peening, while decreases with the increasing thickness of specimen.