病毒性肝炎——值得警惕的重要人兽互传病

Viral Hepatitis: A Dangerous Zoonosis

概述了人类病毒性肝炎的发病特点及流行状况、动物模型和自然感染病毒性肝炎的情况。简述了笔者的研究室在动物病毒性肝炎方面的研究进展。引起人类病毒性肝炎的病因复杂多样,病毒性肝炎严重地威胁着人类的健康。尤其是随着时间的推移,人类病毒性肝炎的发病率在不断提高,作为一种人兽互传病——病毒性肝炎已在动物中广泛存在,尤其是在畜禽中的分布,是我们不可回避的事实。人类病毒性肝炎的蔓延速度之所以如此之快,可能与动物有关,特别是与人类生活关系比较密切的家畜和家禽有关。动物病毒性肝炎的存在已对公共卫生造成显著影响,对人类健康构成严重威胁。建议相关主管部门重视对病毒性肝炎的研究工作,从公共卫生的角度组织研究动物,特别是畜禽病毒性肝炎与人的病毒性肝炎之间的关系问题,尤其是其间的传播问题,为防制此类疾病的进一步蔓延、流行,保证动物产品的卫生安全,保障人类的健康提供科学依据,并尽快采取防控措施。

In this paper, the characteristics and the epidemic of viral hepatitis are reviewed, including also the animal model and the natural infection in various animals. The research progress on viral hepatitis of animals in our lab is briefly described. The cause of viral hepatitis is quite complex and its incidence is still rising, which seriously threatens human health. Lots of animals have been infected, which suggests that viral hepatitis has already become a dangerious zoonosis, especially, viral hepatitis of livestock and poultry, which are so close to human beings. This might explain the wide viral hepatitis epidemic in human beings. Viral hepatitis of animal has already become an important issue with respect to public health, so we must attach great importance to research on the relationship between viral hepatitis of animals and that of human beings, their interspecies transmission mechanism, especially, for viral hepatitis of domestic animals and poultry.