欧盟能源政策及对中国西北地区的启示研究

EU Energy Policy and Its Implications to the Development of Northwest China

欧盟近年来出台并实施了一系列行之有效的能源政策措施,为缓解欧盟能源问题起到了重要作用,并为全球能源问题的解决提供了经验与借鉴。在分析了欧盟能源政策的供给政策、市场政策、开发与技术政策、可持续能源政策的基础上,认为欧盟能源政策是以减少能源消费、提高能源效率和发展可再生能源为核心内容,并融入环境保护的目标,采取综合措施,有效地应对能源问题。中国西北地区是中国最重要的能源基地之一。中国及中国西北地区的快速经济发展,导致能源需求快速增长,带来大量能源环境问题;同时,我国能源利用效率大大低于欧盟国家,因此,欧盟所采取的能源政策措施对我国有着诸多的借鉴意义。

A series of effective energy policies andmeasures have been put into effect in EU in recent years, which have greatly alleviated the EU＇s energy problems, and may serve as a guideline on the globe energy problems. In this paper, the EU＇s main energy policies are analyzed, including the supply policy, the market policy, the R＆D policy, and the sustainable energy policy. It is shown that they are effective in dealing with the energy problems. As compared with cases in China, the Northwest region is one of the most important energy bases in China. The fast economical development in China and Northwest China creates a lot of energy and environment problems. Besides, the energy efficiency in China is considerably lower than that in the EU. Therefore, the EU energy policies will provide some food of thought for China.