非晶态固体在压力下的晶化

Crystallization of Amorphous Solids under Pressure

综述了压力对非晶态合金的晶化行为的影响。首先介绍压力作用对不同类型晶化过程的作用，主要是晶化温度的变化，然后通过体积变化、原子扩散、界面和塑性变形几个方面分析压力如何影响非晶态固体晶化过程的。多数非晶合金体系表现出晶化温度随压力升高，热稳定性增加，说明原子扩散仍然是主要的影响因素。此外，少数非晶合金体系则需要考虑新生晶体／非晶界面的作用，在一定条件下，晶化温度反而随压力升高而下降。塑性变形也可以降低非晶的热稳定性。

Effects of external pressure on the crystallization of amorphous solids are reviewed. There are basically four major factors that might take effect on the crystallization kinetics under pressure, including volume change, atomic diffusion, interface formation and deformation. The most accepted interpretation for the enhanced thermal stability of amorphous solids under pressure is that the applied pressure obstacles the atomic diffusion during the crystallization process. However, the newly formed interface between the crystal and amorphous matrix also plays an important role, which can be employed to explain the results, to which diffusion model is not valid.