原油降凝降粘剂的合成与性能评价

The Synthesis and Properties Evaluation of A Depressant AMV for Crude Oil

以十八醇和丙烯酸为原料,在不加带水剂的条件下合成了丙烯酸十八酯(ODA),其合成条件为:十八醇108g,n(十八醇):n(丙烯酸)=1.0:1.2,对甲苯磺酸1.0%(催化剂,以醇酸总质量计),对苯二酚0.7%(阻聚剂,以醇酸总质量计),反应温度135℃,反应时间6h。然后再用实验合成的丙烯酸十八酯、顺丁烯二酸酐(MA)和醋酸乙烯酯(VA)3种单体为原料,采用自由基溶液聚合反应合成了原油降凝剂AMV。通过实验确定了最佳合成条件:nODA:nMA:nVA=8:1:1,引发剂为偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN),用量0.5%(w);聚合温度90℃;聚合时间6h。在原油中加入质量分数为0.5%的AMV可以使原油的凝固点降低10℃,50℃时的粘度由148.2mPa.s下降到40mPa.s,降粘率达73%。

In this paper,first,octadecyl acrylate was synthesized from acrylic acid and oetadecyl alcohol without water-carrying reagent.The optimum condition was that octadecyl alcohol is 10%(0.4 mo1),the molar rate of oetadecyl alcohol to acrylic acid is 1.0∶1.2,the amount of p-methy benzene sulfonic acid is 1.0% (according to the mass of octadecyl acrylate and acrylic acid),the amount of hydroquin is 0.7%(according to the mass of oetadecyl acrylate and acrylic acid),the reaction temperature is 135℃,the reaction time is 6h.Second,AMV was synthesized by free radical copolymerization reactions of octadecyl acrylate,maleric anhydride and vinyllacetate.The synthesized depressant(AMV) has an optimum effect of pour point depressing for the waxy crude oil when it was synthesized under the conditions of that the mole ratio of octadecy1 acrylate,maleric anhydride and vinyllacetate was 8∶1∶1, mass fraction of azobisisobutyronitri1e (AIBN ) was 0.5,reaction temperature was 90℃,reaction time was 6 h.When 0.5%(w) of the depressant(AMV) was added into crude oil,the pour point of the waxy crude oil was reduced by 10℃,the apparent viscosity was lowered by 73% at 50℃.