物理法在淀粉改性中的研究进展

Review on Advance of Modified Starch Based on Physical Methods

淀粉作为仅次于纤维素的可再生性资源,具有价廉易得、可降解性和易转变成淀粉衍生物等特点。长期以来世界各国都十分重视淀粉资源的开发利用研究,尤其通过各种方法对淀粉的改性一直是科技工作者和生产厂商的研究热点。本文综述了国内外的物理方法(如热液处理、微波处理、电离放射线处理、超声波处理、球磨处理、挤压处理等)改性淀粉的形成机理、制备条件以及物理改性淀粉的理化性质和结构变化的基本研究状况,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

As one of the abundant renewable natural resources second only to cellulose, starch is readily available and inexpensive, It also can be degraded easily and tumed into useful derivative by biochemical method. Many countries pay great attention to exploit the starch resources for a long time. Especially many investigators and manufacturers have done works on natural starch denaturalization which is becoming the hot spotted with physical, chemical and biological methods. In this paper, the modified starch processes based on physical methods （hydrothermal, microwave, ionizing radiation, ultrasound, ball milling, extrusion etc） were summarized. The acting mechanism, preparations, properties and structure changes of physically-modified starch were reviewed. The long-term potential development of physic-modified starch was prospected.